There are approximately 700 species of ants in the United States, but only about 25 typically infest homes. Ants are divided into 2 groups - wall nesting and ground nesting. Below are a few of the most common found in and around the home.
Spiders
There are around 3,000 species of spiders in the United States of which two groups are considered dangerous to man. These two groups are the Black Widow and Brown Recluse spiders. Since these two groups are often found in human environments, identification is essential for pest management and medical reasons. Sanitation is vital in controlling spider populations. Keeping the premise free of debris such as: boxes, paper, clothing, lumber piles, and unessential rocks and landscape timber is vital. Keeping grass mowed to the proper height and trimming back any vegetation in contact with the structure is also important. It is wise to wear protective gloves and clothing when cleaning these areas.
Bed Bugs
Bed bugs have become a growing problem in the United States in the last 5 to 10 years. Bed bugs are not limited to any social class or particular region of the country. Anyone can get bed bugs. Unfortunately, the social stigma related to bed bugs causes people to try and treat the problem themselves. As a result, a small case can become a very big problem in a short amount of time.
Cockroaches
Good sanitation is the key to prevention and elimination of this pest. Depending on species, females can produce as few as four and as many as 60 eggs. Cockroaches spend about 75% of their time in crack and crevice harborage areas - excess paper, box containers, and dry food products. The elimination of these areas is important. Treatment is determined by the size and location of the infestation. Residual liquids and baits are the typical solutions. Depending on the severity of the infestation, several treatments may be required.
Bees
Wasps
Earwigs
Adults are about 1/4" to 1" in length with an elongated, flattened body shape. The color varies from pale brown with dark markings to reddish brown to black. Erwigs are nocturnal. During daylight hours, they hide in moist, dark areas such as rocks, logs, or in mulch. Females lay about 40 to 55 eggs which develop in about 60 days. Control consists of removing: unnecessary plant debris, mulch, and objects such as rocks and wood debris from around the home.
Scorpions
Adults are about 1" to 3" in length and are yellowish brown to tan in color with reddish brown and brown stripes. The sting of the common scorpion can result in localized pain much like a wasp or bee sting; however, some people may develop an allergic reaction that can be life-threatening. Scorpions are usually found in wood piles, trash areas, and wherever debris is found. Removing unnecessary debris and storing wood (fire wood) off the ground will help in reducing scorpion populations. Reducing the arthropod population in and around the home is also vital in keeping scorpions under control.
The two most common rats in Florida are the Norway (Wharf) rat and the Roof (Black) rat. Identification and sanitation is of great importance when trying to control rodent infestations. Rodents cause millions of dollars in damage every year attributable to house fires caused by gnawing on wires, gnawing on water pipes, and food contamination. Identifying their point of entry is one of the keys to controlling rats. They often use the same pathways to move about. In doing so, they leave smear marks in tight areas due to the dirt and grease on their fur. Sealing these tight areas, or rat proofing must be part of any effective control program. It is important to remeber that poisons should not be used in areas that children and pets have access to.